पश्चिम एशिया राजनीति (रणनीतिक दृष्टिकोण)
As Henry Kissinger once said ,
“India will be fulcrum of 21st century”.
Global order is in transitional phase as many revisionist power are challenging existing world order.
Rise of china is now accepted world view and key challenger to USA world view. USA recognised it and ” Pivot to Asia” policy by Obama administration was strategic respond which led to formation of Quad formation and unprecedented strong USA and India ties and USA strategic orientation toward ASEAN centrality in indo pacific.
As we all know energy is major source to run the economy and Oil was key component of energy in 20th century. So USA underwent deeper and wider footprint in middle East country by establishing many millitary base. But present middle East crisis which in undergoing is mainly an Israel-Hamas which has ultimately grown into israel-iran confrontation.
How this all started and where it is moving? And what interest have India at stake?
The origin of this problem has broad history. As before WWII USA had not deeper involvement in West Asia. Britain and french were key European stakeholder. But after WWII, USA led to overthrow of Iranian democratically elected president Mohammad Mossadegh who nationalised oil industry which led to suspence in USA about soviot influence. So they overthrew Mossadegh and established Shah reza Pahlavi as USA puppet who led to westernisation which resulted in Islamic Revolution of 1979 and overthrew Shah and led to establishment of Islamic republic under Khamenei as religious head. From here Iran and USA relation deteriorated.
Then USA support of iraq in iran-iraq war deepened hostility. Then Iran wanted to spearhead the Palestinian cause which led to two axis. Israel-USA and Iran with its proxy like hamas, hezbollah and houdis. But during Obama, tension deescalated by historical sign of JCPOA. It was seen as manifestation of “Pivot to Asia”.Rise of china and discovery of shale gas compelled to USA rebalancing its strategic balance. So withdrawal of force from Iraq and Afghanistan and formation and rise of Quad is testament of USA new strategic goal i.e. to contain rise of China.but USA is trying to balance and not complete retrieval from middle East.
India has stake in both. North South transport corridor has strategic and critical importance to India as it will provide India access to central Asia which is source of many key minerals.Iran and Russia is major partner of it. And India-middle east-europe economic corridor is also important for India. It is respond to China OBOR. So India have to respond strategic way which India have done.
Thanku .